Moreover, students’ sleep duration, sleep pattern, and daytime sleepiness have been proved to affect their academic performance. Sleep is related to students’ well-being and mental health. Young college undergraduate students still exhibit a delayed chronotype, and display a shorter sleep duration when attending morning classes with respect to evening classes. In particular, the compromise between the natural trend of adolescents towards Eveningness and their early school schedule has been pointed out as a key factor affecting sleep duration and quality. It is well documented that biological and psycho-social changes during adolescence along with social pressures strongly influence high-school students’ short sleep duration. < 7h), and a recent meta-analysis showed a mean sleep duration among medical undergraduate students of 6.3 h per night. However, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 30% of American young adults report short sleep duration (i.e. Chronic short sleep duration is associated with an increase in several risk factors, and with an increase in the relative risk for multiple-cause mortality. There is a consensus that adults should sleep between 7–9 hours per day. In addition, educational policies should include information for students about the impact of sleep on learning and of the consequences of reduced sleep duration. Delaying test start time may prevent the reduction in sleep duration, which may also improve school performance. Using logit regressions, we confirmed that sleep duration was positively related to test scores in both samples (survey #1: exp B = 1.15, p < 0.001 pseudo- R 2 = 0.38 survey #2: exp B = 1.03, p < 0.001 pseudo- R 2 = 0.25). In survey 2, sleep duration increased in later shifts ( F (3,248) = 4.6, p = 0.004). In both samples, the sleep duration of the night before the test was reduced with respect to regular nights (survey #1: 2.1 ± 0.2 h, p < 0.001 survey #2: between 1.7 ± 0.4 h and 3.6 ± 0.3 h, all p < 0.001), with more than 10% of the students who did not sleep at all. More than 1/2 of the participants (survey #1) and almost 1/3 (survey #2) reported short regular sleep duration (< 7h). We ran two surveys in freshman students of the Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay: 1) 97 students of the School of Sciences who took the test at the same time and 2) 252 School of Psychology students who took the test in four successive shifts. We explored the influence of having a school test on previous night sleep in first-year students and the association of sleep duration and test performance. Scholar demands are among the causes of observed sleep deprivation in youth. Although recommended sleep duration is between 7–9 hours per day, many students do not sleep that much.
Sleep is crucial for college students’ well-being.
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